In EMC tests, testing the device or system according to the most appropriate standards is one of the most critical stages. EMC Standards define related terms, rules and EMC test methods. In addition, EMC standards specify EMC emission test limits for electromagnetic emissions, EMC immunity test levels, and performance criteria for devices tested against EMC immunity tests.
EMC Standards help make measurements comparable and repeatable by defining EMC test methods, test equipment, and test environment. The most important purpose of EMC Standards is to achieve global compliance in EMC tests. This global alignment helps reduce major trade barriers.
It is possible to examine EMC Standards in 4 categories in general
Basic Standards: Sets the terms and conditions required for EMC testing. It defines the rules necessary to achieve electromagnetic compatibility, specifies EMC test methods (EMC test techniques, EMC test rigs, EMC test equipment and environment). Other EMC standards (Product Standards, General Standards, etc.) refer to basic EMC standards. An example of this set of standards is the IEC 61000-4-2 electrostatic discharge immunity test.
General Standards: Determines emission EMC test limits and EMC immunity test levels for products operating in a specific electromagnetic environment (domestic / industrial) for which there is no specific product family standard. It refers to the Basic EMC Standards for detailed measurement and EMC test methods, while they are the general and somewhat simplified EMC Product Standards. To give an example of this group of standards, IEC 61000-6-3 (emission) and IEC 61000-6-1 (immunity) for residential / commercial / light industrial environment; IEC 61000-6-4 (emission) and IEC 61000-6-2 (immunity) for industrial environment.
Product Family Standards: It is valid for a product group that can work in the same environment, have similar application areas and common general features. It refers to the relevant basic standards for the particular product group. Specifies emission-immune EMC test limits and EMC test levels. To give an example of this group of standards, IEC 61326 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use; IEC 60601-1-2 Medical electrical equipment
Product Standards: Applicable to a specific product and specify emission EMC test limits and immunity EMC test levels with reference to key standards. To give an example of this set of standards, IEC 62599-2 Immunity for fire and security alarm system components, IEC 60601-2-4 Specific specifications for the essential safety and essential performance of cardiac defibrillators.
First, it is investigated whether the device or system has an EMC product standard. The appropriate product standard must define emission EMC test limits and immunity EMC test levels. If it defines emission-only EMC test limits or immunity-only EMC test levels, the EMC product family standard may be consulted for undefined emission-immunity values. If there is no suitable EMC product standard, the EMC product family standard is searched.
The appropriate EMC product family standard should define emission EMC test limits and immunity EMC test levels. Unless specified in the EMC product standard, the emission-immunity values specified in the EMC product family standard may be used. If there is no EMC product family standard, EMC general standards are used.
The environment in which the device is intended should be considered in determining the appropriate EMC general standards. General standards are generalized and simplified product standards. These standards refer to EMC core standards.